Guide to AWS A5.1: Carbon steel electrodes for SMAW

Covered electrode

for manual metal-arc

welding.

Designates an electrode (E 7018M)

for military requirements. Greater

toughness, low moisture level and

pick-up, and mandatory hydrogen

limits for weld metal.

Designates that the electrode meets the requirements of the

hydrogen test (optional for basic electrodes, as-received or

redried, with an average value not exceeding “z” ml of

H 2/100 g deposited metal, where “z” is 4,8 or 16).

Designates that the electrode meets the

requirements of the moisture pick-up

test (optional for all basic electrodes

except E 7018M, for which the test is

mandatory)

E

E

70

70

18

16

Designates min. tensile strength

in ksi.(1 ksi =1000 psi ~6.9 MPa.)

AWS

Tensile Strength min.

Classifiksi

MPa

cation

E 6010

E 6011

E 6012

E 6013

E 6019

E 6020

E 6022

E 6027

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

E 7014

E 7015

E 7016

E 7018

E 7018 M

E 7024

E 7027

E 7028

E 7048

70

70

70

70

a)

70

70

70

70

490

490

490

490

490

490

490

490

490

M

-1

HZ

Designates welding position,

coating type and current type.

Yield Strength min.

ksi

MPa

48

330

48

330

48

330

48

330

48

330

48

330

Not spec. Not spec.

48

330

58

58

58

58

b)

58

58

58

58

400

400

400

400

b)

400

400

400

400

Designates that the electrode

(E 7016, E 7018, E 7024) meets

the requirements for improved

toughness – and ductility (E 7024).

Elongation Impact Energy Welding

min. %

Charpy-V

Positio n

J/°C

22

22

17

17

22

22

Not spec.

22

17

22

22

22

24

17

22

22

22

27 / –30

27 / –30

Not spec.

Not spec..

27 / –20

Not spec.

Not spec.

27 / –30

Not spec.

27 / –30

27 / –30

27 / –30

67 / –30

Not spec.

27 / –30

27 / –20

27 / –30

a) Nominal value 70 ksi (490 MPa)

b) Limits are 53-72 ksi (365-496 MPa)

For Ø 2,4 mm the limit is max. 77 ksi (530 MPa)

c) H-V fillets: – pol

Code

1

2

4

In addition there are requirements on:

• Chemical composition of the weld metal

• Radiographic tests

268

R

Type of coating

Type of Current

AC

DC

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

Cellulosic

Cellulosic

Rutile

Rutile

Rutile/Acid

Acid

Acid

Acid, high recovery

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

+pol

+pol

– pol

+/– pol

+/– pol

c) +/– pol

– pol

c) +/– pol

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

4

Rutile

Basic

Basic

Basic

Basic

Rutile, high recovery

Acid, high recovery

Basic, high recovery

Basic

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

+/– pol

+pol

+pol

+pol

+pol

+/– pol

c) +/– pol

+pol

+pol

Welding position

All positions except vertical-down

Flat and H-V fillets

All positions but in the vertical, V-down only