Guide to AWS A5.1: Carbon steel electrodes for SMAW
Covered electrode
for manual metal-arc
welding.
Designates an electrode (E 7018M)
for military requirements. Greater
toughness, low moisture level and
pick-up, and mandatory hydrogen
limits for weld metal.
Designates that the electrode meets the requirements of the
hydrogen test (optional for basic electrodes, as-received or
redried, with an average value not exceeding “z” ml of
H 2/100 g deposited metal, where “z” is 4,8 or 16).
Designates that the electrode meets the
requirements of the moisture pick-up
test (optional for all basic electrodes
except E 7018M, for which the test is
mandatory)
E
E
70
70
18
16
Designates min. tensile strength
in ksi.(1 ksi =1000 psi ~6.9 MPa.)
AWS
Tensile Strength min.
Classifiksi
MPa
cation
E 6010
E 6011
E 6012
E 6013
E 6019
E 6020
E 6022
E 6027
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
430
430
430
430
430
430
430
430
E 7014
E 7015
E 7016
E 7018
E 7018 M
E 7024
E 7027
E 7028
E 7048
70
70
70
70
a)
70
70
70
70
490
490
490
490
490
490
490
490
490
M
-1
HZ
Designates welding position,
coating type and current type.
Yield Strength min.
ksi
MPa
48
330
48
330
48
330
48
330
48
330
48
330
Not spec. Not spec.
48
330
58
58
58
58
b)
58
58
58
58
400
400
400
400
b)
400
400
400
400
Designates that the electrode
(E 7016, E 7018, E 7024) meets
the requirements for improved
toughness – and ductility (E 7024).
Elongation Impact Energy Welding
min. %
Charpy-V
Positio n
J/°C
22
22
17
17
22
22
Not spec.
22
17
22
22
22
24
17
22
22
22
27 / –30
27 / –30
Not spec.
Not spec..
27 / –20
Not spec.
Not spec.
27 / –30
Not spec.
27 / –30
27 / –30
27 / –30
67 / –30
Not spec.
27 / –30
27 / –20
27 / –30
a) Nominal value 70 ksi (490 MPa)
b) Limits are 53-72 ksi (365-496 MPa)
For Ø 2,4 mm the limit is max. 77 ksi (530 MPa)
c) H-V fillets: – pol
Code
1
2
4
In addition there are requirements on:
• Chemical composition of the weld metal
• Radiographic tests
268
R
Type of coating
Type of Current
AC
DC
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
Cellulosic
Cellulosic
Rutile
Rutile
Rutile/Acid
Acid
Acid
Acid, high recovery
–
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
+pol
+pol
– pol
+/– pol
+/– pol
c) +/– pol
– pol
c) +/– pol
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
Rutile
Basic
Basic
Basic
Basic
Rutile, high recovery
Acid, high recovery
Basic, high recovery
Basic
x
–
x
x
–
x
x
x
x
+/– pol
+pol
+pol
+pol
+pol
+/– pol
c) +/– pol
+pol
+pol
Welding position
All positions except vertical-down
Flat and H-V fillets
All positions but in the vertical, V-down only